Quote:
> I am kind of a newbie in the DEF SEG, POKE etc. The thing is I don't
> understand what is offset address and segment address.
Well, I see you already got a few replies, so here's a few examples...
Different Peeks/Pokes (and a coupla CALL Absolutes)
I've got from Different Places .. Rochee ...
' ======== ROM BIOS STUFF ===================================
To use any of the Addresses below, you have to put yourself into
The ROM BIOS Data Area, like so: DEF SEG=&H40
(Make Sure to specify DEFSEG = -1when your'e done!
PEEK &H00 - RS232 Addresses on your IBM PC.
(Number of Addresses = How many Com Ports you have)
PEEK &H08 - Printer Addresses on your IBM PC.
(Number of Printer Addresses=Number of Printers)
PEEK &H10 - Equipment Flag.
This Integer has 16 different values - each having
a different meaning:
Bit 0 - Machine has Floppy Drives
Bit 2,3 - Ram Size (00=16K 10=32K 01=48K 11=64K)
Bit 4,5 - Video Mode
00=Unused
10=40x25 Color
01=80x25 Color
11=80x25 Mono
Bit 6,7 - Number of Floppy Drives
(If Bit 0 = 1)
00=1 10=2 01=3 11=4
Bit 9,10,11 - Number of RS232 Cards attached
Bit 12 - Game I/O Attached
Bit 14,15 - Number of Printers
&H13 - Memory Size in Kilobytes.
&H17 - Keyboard Flag
This Integer has 16 bits fields, as well, for the
KeyBoard
Byte 1:
&H80 - Insert On
&H40 - Caps Lock changed
&H20 - Num Lock changed
&H10 - Scroll Lock changed
&H08 - Alternate Shift pressed
&H04 - Control Shift key pressed
&H02 - Left Shift key pressed
&H01 - Right Shift key pressed
Byte 2;
&H80 - Insert Key is pressed
&H40 - Caps Lock Key is pressed
&H20 - Num Lock Key is pressed
&H10 - Scroll Lock key is pressed
&H08 - Suspend key has been toggled
&H49 - Current Screen mode
&H00 - 40x25 BW
&H01 - 40x25 Color
&H02 - 80x25 BW
&H03 - 80x25 Color
&H04 - 320x200 Color
&H05 - 320x200 BW
&H06 - 640x200 BW
&H4A - Number of Screen columns
&H50 - Cursor Position
&H60 - Cursor mode
&H6C - Low word of Timer count
&H6E - High word of Timer count
' The next two below I believe have been moved since the XT ..
&HFA6E - Beginning of character regen memory
&HFF53 - PRTSC routine address
======================= End of ROM BIOS Peeks
=============================
DEF SEG=&HB800 - Color Monitor memory
DEF SEG=&HA000 - B&W Monitor memory
=========================================================================
'..... A Coupla Real Routines you could use in your programs...
' To Read/Find the PSP ...
DO
Inchar$=CHR$(PEEK &H81+N)
PSP$=PSP$+Inchar$
N=N+1
LOOP UNTIL INCHAR$=CHR$(&H0D)
'===================================================================
' Machine Independent delay ..
Pause%=8 ' Number of Clock Ticks to Wait
Def Seg = 0
Do Until Pause% < 1
CurrentTick% = Peek(&H46C)
Do While CurrentTick% = Peek(&H46C):LOOP
Pause%=Pause% - 1
Loop
Def Seg
(I'm pretty sure this one's from Joe Negron..)
'===================================================================
' ReBoot the computer ..
DEF SEG = &HFFFF
CALL Absolute(0)
'===================================================================
' Reset the KeyBoard
DEF SEG = 64
DO
FOR c = 0 TO 1
FOR b = 0 TO 1
FOR a = 0 TO 1
POKE 23, a * 16 + b * 32 + c * 64
IF INKEY$ > "" THEN POKE 23, 0: END
FOR delay = 1 TO 12000: NEXT
NEXT
NEXT
NEXT
LOOP
'===================================================================
' Toggle the KeyBoard lights ..
' Should use keyBoard clear routine above, first ..
DEF SEG = 64
POKE 23, 32
DO
a = (a MOD 96) + 48
FOR i = 1 TO 2
POKE 23, PEEK(23) XOR a
IF INKEY$ > "" THEN EXIT DO
FOR delay = 1 TO 6500: NEXT
NEXT
LOOP
POKE 23, 0
'===================================================================
' Save and restore a Text Window ... to restore the 'BackGround'
' after you're done popping up a Window in your program ..
DEFINT A-Z
DIM SHARED ScreenInfo(0 TO 3999)
DECLARE SUB GetWindow (X1,Y1,X2,Y2)
DECLARE SUB PutWindow (X1,Y1,X2,Y2)
' Now save a Window from text posititon 3,5 to position 24,79
GetWindow 3,5,24,79 ' Store Screen portion in Array
WHILE INKEY$="":WEND ' Wait for a KeyPress
PutWindow 3,5,24,79 ' Put Screen portion back onto Display
END
SUB PutWindow (X1,Y1,X2,Y2)
DEF SEG = &HB800 ' Assume Color Monitor
ScreenPos = 0 ' Initialize Array Location
FOR I = Y1-1 TO Y2-1 ' Change for Partial Window
FOR J = X1-1 to X2-1 ' Change For Partial Window
PokeChar = ScreenInfo(ScreenPos) ' Get Char from array
PokePos = (I * 160) + (J * 2) ' Figure Screen Location
POKE PokePos, PokeChar ' Poke Character to Screen
PokeAttr = ScreenInfo(ScreenPos + 1) ' Get Color Attrib from
Array
POKE PokePos + 1, PokeAttr ' Poke Color Attrib to
Screen
ScreenPos = ScreenPos + 2 ' Update counter
NEXT J, I
DEF SEG
END SUB
SUB GetWindow (X1,Y1,X2,Y2)
DEF SEG = &HB800 ' Assume Color Monitor
ScreenPos = 0 ' Initialize Array Location
FOR I = Y1-1 TO Y2-1 ' Change for Partial Window
FOR J = X1-1 to X2-1 ' Change For Partial Window
PeekPos = (I * 160) + (J * 2) ' Figure Screen Location
ScreenInfo(ScreenPos) = PEEK(PeekPos) ' Get Char from Memory
ScreenInfo(ScreenPos+1) = PEEK(PeekPos+1) ' Get Attrib from Memory
ScreenPos = ScreenPos + 2 ' Update counter
NEXT J, I
DEF SEG
END SUB
'===================================================================
' How about using a Mouse in Interpreted QBasic ?
DEF SEG = 0
P207 = PEEK(207): P206 = PEEK(206)
P205 = PEEK(205): P204 = PEEK(204)
' Those of you who have seen a routine of this type may notice
' a slight difference from the one floating around for GWBasic
' ... the GWBasic code would not work in QB, for some reason ...
Mouseg = 256 * P207 + P206: Mouse% = 256 * P205 + P204 + 2
DEF SEG = Mouseg
' Now see if a Mouse Driver is installed:
IF (Mouseg OR (Mouse% - 2)) AND PEEK(Mouse% - 2) <> 207 THEN
ELSE
PRINT "Mouse Driver not found!": END
END IF
' Now we want to reset the Mouse Driver :
M1% = 0: CALL Absolute(M1%, M2%, M3%, M4%, Mouse%)
' And then show the Mouse Cursor ....
M1% = 1: CALL Absolute(M1%, M2%, M3%, M4%, Mouse%)
' Now, we'll parse both the Mouse positions, and Button
' clicks in a loop .... loop aborts on first keypress ...
M1% = 3
DO
CALL Absolute(M1%, M2%, M3%, M4%, Mouse%)
IF M2% = 1 THEN LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT "Left Button Pressed "
IF M2% = 2 THEN LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT "Right Button Pressed"
IF M2% = 3 THEN LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT "Both Buttons Pressed"
LOCATE 2, 1: PRINT M3%: 'Horizontal cursor position
LOCATE 2, 6: PRINT M4%: 'Vertical cursor position
A$ = INKEY$
LOOP UNTIL A$ <> ""
' Jump out of loop once a key is pressed
M1% = 2: CALL Absolute(M1%, M2%, M3%, M4%, Mouse%) ' Make Cursor
Invisible
DEF SEG ' Reset segment
CLS : SYSTEM ' And we're outta here ...
'===================================================================
' Checking the (Returned) Errorlevel of a Shelled Program ..
DEF SEG = 0
ErrorLevel% = PEEK(&H4FE)
DEF SEG
'===================================================================
' Using Com 3 and 4 in Basic ..
' We swap the address of Com1 and Com3, or Com2 with Com4 ..
' Then, when you OPEN COM1:, youre really reading COM3
' or when you OPEN COM2:, you're really using COM4 ..
' Swapping COM1 & 3
DEF SEG=64: POKE &H00,&HE8
'Make sure to reset the Port when you're done..
POKE &H00,&HF8
' Swapping COM2 & 4
DEF SEG=64: POKE &H02,&HE8
'Make sure to reset the Port when you're done..
POKE &H02,&HF8
'===================================================================
' QuickBasic Routine to Disable Floppy Drive "A" by
' Altering the Diskette Controller Infomation in the ROM
' BIOS Data Segment
' First, Check the Machine Model Byte -
' This Routine should not be used (does not work) for an XT/PC
DEF SEG = &HF000: Model = PEEK(&HFFFE)
' If Model Byte = 255, 254, or 251, then it is an XT or a PC, and
' We won't Modify the Floppy Byte.
IF Model = 255 OR Model = 254 OR Model = 251 THEN END
' Get any Passed Command Line Parameter
Param$ = LTRIM$(RTRIM$(COMMAND$))
' If _any_ Param is passed, then _enable_ the Floppy
' Drive, but if not, then We'll Disable the Drive.
ParamLen = LEN(Param$)
IF LEN(Param$) THEN Value = 1
' Now POKE the Value into ROM BIOS Data Area, Offset 8F
DefSeg = &H40:POKE &H8F, Value:DEF SEG
'===================================================================
' To force a Cold Boot with Ctrl-Alt-Del:
POKE &H72, 0
...
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